anatomy and physiology of male reproductive system
Men Health > Anatomy and Physiology of Male reproductive system
Anatomy and physiology
of male reproductive system
The testes are two glandular organs, which secrete the
semen; they are suspended in the scrotum by the
spermatic cords. Testes are suspended outside the
abdominal cavity in the scrotum,
In ayurveda Acharya Sushruta , while explaining the
anatomy of testis has said " Maamsa asruk kapha medaha
prasaadaadwavrushanaha" which means The two testes are
made up of
muscles,
blood ,
fat and their derivatives.
Scrotum
The Scrotum is a cutaneous pouch which contains the
testes and parts of the spermatic cords (The spermatic
cord is composed of arteries, veins, lymphatics, nerves,
and the excretory duct of the testis. These structures
are connected together by areolar tissue,).
It is divided on its surface into two lateral portions
by a ridge or raphé.(Sushruta explains raphe' as "seevani"
or a stitch like ridge. He has cautioned not to injure
it with surgical instruments )Of these two lateral
portions the left hangs lower than the right, to
correspond with the greater length of the left spermatic
cord. The Testes (two egg-shaped structures) remain in
the Scrotum, outside the body, where the temperature is
about 3 degrees C Cooler than the body internal
temperature (27 degrees C. Sperm development in the
Testes Requires the Lower Temperature.)
The testis is composed primarily of seminiferous tubules
and interstitial cells. Seminiferous tubules are packed
closely together. There are approximately 500 tubules in
each testis. The cells within the seminiferous tubules
are germ cells an sertoli cells.
The germ cells mature into spermatozoa or
sperms. The Sertoli cells serve as supporting cells for developing
germ cells.
Leydig cells are very important cells that are present
in the interstitial space outside the seminiferous
tubule. These cells produce
testosterone which stimulate
the germ cell maturation.
The complex process involved in production of sperms
from germ cells is known as spermatogenesis.
Spermatozoa or
sperms are first produced at puberty and
spermatogenic activity is maintained into old age.
Millions of
sperms are produced each day. Millions of
sperms are produced each day.
The mature
sperms are released into the lumen of seminiferous tubule. The
sperms pass into epididymis.
(Lying upon the lateral edge of this posterior border is
a long, narrow, fiattened body, named the epididymis.),
The canal of the epididymis is continued into the
vasdeferens which rise up over the brim of the pelvis
and passes down to the
prostate gland at the base of the
urinary bladder. It joins the seminal vesicles to form
the ejaculatory ducts. Epididymis serves as
sperm
conduit and
sperm reservoir where
sperm acquire motility
and fertilizing capacity.
Just prior to
ejaculation, the testes are brought close
to the abdomen and fluid is rapidly transported through
the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and
subsequently into the urethra.(The urethra passes
through the penis and opens to the outside.)
This article is copy righted .Dr.SavithaSuri has been an Ayurvedic
Practitioner since 1989 and manages website http://www.ayurhelp.com .
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